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British Cycling
British Cycling (formerly the British Cycling Federation) is the national governing body for cycle racing in Great Britain. It administers most competitive cycling in Great Britain, the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man. It represents Britain at the world body, the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI) and selects national teams, including the Great Britain (GB) Cycling Team for races in Britain and abroad. It is based at the National Cycling Centre, which is based opposite the ground of Manchester City, on the site of the 2002 Commonwealth Games. It is just off the Route 60 of the National Cycle Network.
==History==
The British Cycling Federation (BCF) was formed in 1959 at the end of an administrative dispute within the sport. The governing body since 1878 had been the National Cyclists Union (NCU).〔The NCU took over control of cycling from the Amateur Athletics Association. It was originally called the Bicycle Union. It became the NCU in 1883.〕 The legality of cyclists on the road had not been established and the NCU worried that all cycling could be affected by police concerns about racing.〔 The cycling historian Bernard Thompson said: "Events organised by clubs in the 1880s, although taking place on quiet country roads, were constantly interrupted by the police. Often horse-mounted policemen charged at racers and threw sticks into their wheels."〔Alpaca to Skinsuit, Bernard Thompson, Geerings of Ashford, UK, ISBN 0-9513042-0-8〕 The race organiser and writer, Chas Messenger, said: "Thousands of cyclists were convicted or fined for dangerous riding, many on mere suspicion and unsupported evidence."〔Messenger, Chas (1998). Ride and be Damned. Harpenden: Pedal Publishing. ISBN 978-0-9534096-0-0, p2〕
The NCU banned all racing on the road and insisted clubs use velodromes.〔 A rebel organisation, eventually known as the Road Time Trials Council, began running races of individuals competing against the clock at dawn and in secrecy, to avoid police attention. The NCU eventually accepted the RTTC and the two organisations ran the sport between them, the RTTC interested only in time-trialling and the NCU administering track races and representing Britain at meetings of the UCI.
Infighting was sparked by the UCI's decision that world road championships from 1933 would be not individual contests but competitions in which riders started together. The NCU had never been against such races but insisted that in Britain they were on roads closed to traffic, such as airfields and motor-racing courses. It now had to select riders not on their talent against the clock but in a bunch. Selection races were held at Donington Park and Brooklands. Among the riders were some, like Percy Stallard, who believed races ought to be run on the open road. He organised a race from Llangollen to Wolverhampton, in 1942.〔(ABCC, "Shot and Shell days" by Ramin Minovi. A review of ''Ride and be Damned'': Chas Messenger. Pedal Publishing 1998. )〕 The NCU suspended Stallard and others and they formed the British League of Racing Cyclists.〔(Dave's Bike Spot, History of British Cycling. )〕 It and the NCU fought each other until they merged in 1959.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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